Fiber-optic communication is a form of optical communication for transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of infrared or visible light through an optical fiber. The light is a form of carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. Why do we use the infrared? Because the attenuation of the fiber is much less at those wavelengths. The number of waves per unit of time (frequency) is called a wavenumber, and amplitude is a quantity related to light intensity and measures as optical power. By optimizing parameters like wavelength, transmission speed, capacity, efficiency, and distance can be maximized.
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